Explanation:

Shivaji Maharaj, the founder of the Maratha Empire, was known for his military acumen and strategic alliances. In the early stages of building his army, he obtained cannons and ammunition from the Portuguese, who were established along the western coast of India and had experience in artillery and fortifications.

While Shivaji had interactions with other European powers like the English and the Dutch, the Portuguese were the ones who supplied him with cannons and ammunition, especially during his early campaigns.

So, the correct option is (B) The Portuguese.