How many Vernas were there in Vedic Age

There were numerous different groups in society at the Vedic Period — clergies and soldiers, agriculturalists, herders, merchants, and laborers. Some clergies and soldiers were rich, as were some peasants and merchants. Others, including many herders, crafts persons, laborers, fishing folk and hunters, and gatherers, were poor. The clergies divided publics into four groups, called Varna. According to that, each Varna had a diverse set of functions.

The first Varna was Brahmin. They were expected to study and teach the Vedas, execute sacrifices and rituals. 

Kshatriyas were the second Varna. They were likely to fight battles and guard the nation.

The third group was the Vaishyas. They were expected to be farmers, and traders. Both the Kshatriyas and the Vaishyas could do sacrifices. 

Shudras were the fourth Varna. They are supposed to serve the other three groups. They could not perform any rituals. Frequently, women were also grouped with the Shudras. Both Shudras and women were not allowed to learn the Vedas.