# Create tar named archive.tar containing directory.tar cf archive.tar directory# Extract the contents from archive.tar.tar xf archive.tar# Create a gzip compressed tar file name archive.tar.gz.tar czf archive.tar.gz directory# Extract a gzip compressed tar file.tar xzf archive.tar.gz# Create a tar 

# Display all network interfaces and IP addressip a# Display eth0 address and detailsip addr show dev eth0# Query or control network driver and hardware settingsethtool eth0# Send ICMP echo request to hostping host# Display whois information for domainwhois domain# Display DNS information for domain

PERMISSION      EXAMPLE        U   G   W       rwx rwx rwx     chmod 777 filename       rwx rwx r-x     chmod 775 filename       rwx r-x r-x     chmod 755 filename&n

# Display your currently running processesps# Display all the currently running processes on the system.ps -ef# Display process information for processnameps -ef | grep processname# Display and manage the top processestop# Interactive process viewer (top alternative)htop# Kill process with process I

# List all files in a long listing (detailed) formatls -al# Display the present working directorypwd# Create a directorymkdir directory# Remove (delete) filerm file# Remove the directory and its contents recursivelyrm -r directory# Force removal of file without prompting for confirmationrm -f file# 

# Display the user and group ids of your current user.id# Display the last users who have logged onto the system.last# Show who is logged into the system.who# Show who is logged in and what they are doing.w# Create a group named "test".groupadd test# Create an account named john, with a comment of "

# Display and manage the top processestop# Interactive process viewer (top alternative)htop# Display processor related statisticsmpstat 1# Display virtual memory statisticsvmstat 1# Display I/O statisticsiostat 1# Display the last 100 syslog messages  (Use /var/log/syslog for Debian based syste

# Display messages in kernel ring bufferdmesg# Display CPU informationcat /proc/cpuinfo# Display memory informationcat /proc/meminfo# Display free and used memory ( -h for human readable, -m for MB, -g for GB.)free -h# Display PCI deviceslspci -tv# Display USB deviceslsusb -tv# Display DMI/SMBIOS (h