Later Vedic Period or Painted Grey Ware Phase (1000 BC – 600 BC)

During this time, the Aryans moved eastwards and occupied western and eastern UP (Kosala) and Bihar.

Political structure:

# Kingdoms like Mahajanapadas were formed by amalgamating smaller kingdoms.
# King’s power increase

Early Vedic Period or Rig Vedic Period (1500 BC – 1000 BC)

Initially, the Aryans lived in the land known as “Sapta Sindhu” (Land of the Seven Rivers). These seven rivers were: Sindhu (Indus), Vipash (Beas), Vitasta (Jhelum), Parushni (Ravi), Asikni (Chenab), Shutudri (Satluj) and Saraswati.

# The Aryans were a semi-nomadic pastoral people.

# The original homeland of the Aryans is a matter of debate with different experts suggesting different regions from where they originated.

# Some say they came from the area around the Caspian Sea in Central Asia (Max Muller), while others thi

# Quality – Punctuality is an uncompromising quality of a good leader.
# Hide – Hide and seek is an interesting game.
# College – The electoral college chose her as a new representative.
# Journal – Maintaining a journal helps in self-development.
# Pet – A dog is the best pet a human 

1. Garden – PM Modi addressed the Indians at Madison Square Garden in New York.
2. Cinema – Cinematography is taken up as a profession by many students nowadays.
3. Women – Respecting a woman makes for a true gentleman.
4. Persuade – Persuasive people always have half the battle won.
5. 

A few important points about Upanishads are mentioned below:

# There are 108 Upanishads
# Out of 108 Upanishads, 13 are considered the major ones.
# The concepts of ‘Atman’ and ‘Brahman’ are majorly explained by Upanishads.

It contains philosophical ideas about the following concepts

A few important points about Aranyakas are mentioned below:

# These are called Forest Books
# Sacrificial rituals are interpreted by Aranyakas in a symbolic and philosophical way.

They are the prose texts that explain the hymns in the Vedas and are also the classification of Sanskrit texts that are embedded within each Veda, incorporating myths and legends to explain and instruct Brahmins on the performance of Vedic rituals. In addition to explaining the symbolism and meaning