Aurangzeb Mughal Dynasty

1. In the north-east, the Ahoms [a kingdom in Assam near Brahmaputra valley] were defeated in 1663, but they rebelled again in the 1680s. Because Ahoms successfully resisted Mughal expansion for a long time and they dont want to give up their sovereignty which they were enjoying for 600 years .

2. Campaigns in the north-west against the Yusufzai and the Sikhs were temporarily successful.

3. Mughal intervention in the succession and internal politics of the Rathor Rajputs of Marwar led to their rebellion.

4. Campaigns against the Maratha chieftain Shivaji were initially successful. However, escaped from Aurangzeb’s prison Shivaji declared himself an independent king and resumed his campaigns against the Mughals.

5. Prince Akbar[II] rebelled against Aurangzeb and received support from the Marathas and Deccan Sultanate.

6. After Akbar’s rebellion, Aurangzeb sent armies against the Deccan Sultanates. Bijapur[Karnataka] was annexed in 1685 and Golcunda [Telangana] in 1687.

7. From 1698 Aurangzeb personally managed campaigns in the Deccan against the Marathas who started guerrilla warfare.

8. Aurangzeb also had to face the rebellion in north India of the Sikhs, Jats and Satnamis . The Satnamis were a sect of Hinduism and they were resented against Aurangzeb’s strict Islamic policies – which included reviving the hated Islamic Jiziya tax (poll tax on non-Muslim subjects), banning music and art, and destroying Hindu temples .